New Project Arsenic and Groundwater Irrigation To identify any health risk resulting from the use of arsenic-contaminated groundwater for irrigation of rice and wheat. R8164 Applying benchmarking as a tool for irrigation management reform To build upon past research funded by DFID which have identified the need for mechnisms whereby service providers and water users can refer to agreed standards to determine if they are delivering or receiving agreed levels of service. R8065 Improving Community Spate Irrigation Systems To promote sustainable improvement of community spate irrigation systems, so as to improve and secure the livelihoods of poor farmers in semi arid regions. R8064 Raising Irrigation Productivity and Releasing Water for Inter-Sectoral Needs Benefits for poor people, the environment and other river basin stakeholders increased by application of new knowledge to the enhancement of productivity of irrigation and transference of water to meet other sectoral needs. R8027 Irrigation charging, water saving and rural livelihoods To develop guidelines on irrigation water charging for governments and funding agencies, to reform policies on cost recovery, water saving and livelihoods. R8025 Privatisation of Irrigation Management in Central Asia To raise awareness of "best practice" in applying appropriate institutional and operational changes to achieve irrigation management transfer, learning from regional experience in Central Asia. R7879 Contribution of Irrigation to Sustaining Rural Livelihoods To help governments reduce poverty in rural areas by providing information and policy guidelines to ensure that irrigated agriculture secures livelihoods for the poor. R7832 Improving Uptake of Research Outputs - DFID Water for Food To promote uptake of recent DFID funded research findings on irrigated agriculture. R7810 Creating Sustainable Smallholder Irrigated Farm Businesses Recommend actions to assist smallholder irrigators to become successful small and medium scale business enterprises. R7793 Management of Irrigation Impacts on Fisheries To provide guidelines for the assessment and mitigation (or enhancement) of irrigation development impacts on aquatic resources in rural livelihoods. R7392 Low Cost Micro-Irrigation Technologies For The Poor The proposal is for improved, low cost, sustainable technology and information packages for non-surface irrigation by resource poor farmers, identifying and addressing constraints to their adoption. R7391 Enhanced Uptake Of Tools For Mitigating Sedimentation Develop guidelines to reduce sedimentation in small dams, and reduce the impact of sedimentation in irrigation systems, water intakes and reservoirs through the greater use of tools developed under earlier DFID research projects. R7389 Toolkit For Sustainable Irrigation Turnover Proposal to develop step by step procedures for field level organisations to ensure sustainability of surface irrigation systems turned over to small farmers. The toolkit with training materials for maintenance developed and pilot training implemented. R7133 Integrated Irrigation And Drainage To Save Water Integrated water management strategies are being developed to save water through the introduction of controlled drainage. Simulation modelling techniques are used to develop practical methods to maximise water saving, crop yield and pollutant removal. R7132 Improved Irrigation in Peri-urban Areas Identify technical, socio-economic and institutional constraints of peri-urban agriculture. Recommend measures to sustain and enhance productivity. R7131 Productive Water Point Handbook R7123 Integration of Aquaculture Within Irrigation Systems Evaluate, and provide guidance on, the technical and institutional constraints to integrated management of canal systems for aquaculture and irrigation. R7018 Fuzzy Logic Procedures For Irrigation Maintenance Planning Maintenance of irrigation canals in developing countries is often inadequate due to lack of funds. This project aims to develop a procedure to enable priorities for maintenance to be determined using a rational technique. R6879 Aids To Improve Agricultural Drainage Millions of hectares are lost annually through water logging/soil salinity. Projects aims to develop user-friendly software to train drainage engineers in principles of water table and salinity control. Simulation model and modular design aids. R6878 Research And Dissemination Of Water Lifting Techniques Research into the state-of-the-art of small scale pumping/water-lifting options for both irrigation and water supplies, and the preparation of a manual to disseminate the results. R6877 Technology Transfer And Suitable Rural Development Develop guidelines of good practice (a) for transfer of irrigated agriculture from the public to the private sector and (b) for associated rural development. R6876 Gender-sensitive Irrigation Design Project Improve African smallholder irrigation by encouraging designers and irrigators to respond to the ergonomic and organisational needs of women and other users of irrigation, hence making better use of water and improving production. R6662 Appropriate Monitoring Of Water Quality For Irrigation Management A framework for simplified monitoring and assessing water pollution has been developed and field-tested. The methodology is intended for use in Developing Countries, to help water resource departments in directly identifying pollution trends. R6650 The Economics of Maintaining Irrigation Systems Desk study to quantify the economic returns to maintenance of irrigation systems, identify constraints which limit the effectiveness of maintenance, and expose areas where knowledge is needed to help planners. R6649 Sustainability Of Modern Irrigated Agricultural Systems Water saving modern irrigation has frequently failed on smallholder farms in the developing world. The project produced a Technical Note identifying the most appropriate equipment and conditions necessary for sustainability of simple, pressurised irrigation technologies when used by smallholder farmers. R6571 Support To IPTRID The International Programme for Technology and Research in Irrigation and Drainage (IPTRID) promotes and enhances research in irrigation and drainage in Developing Countries. This project followed up the R4185 IPTRID Networking Project and provided for a number of technical inputs on behalf of the project as well as support for the continuation of IPTRID Network activities. This project has recently been superseeded by R7201. R6518 Preparation Of Small-Scale Irrigation Projects (Stage 2) Development of a checklist to assist preparation of irrigation projects in Sub-Saharan Africa where the scheme is too small to support full feasibility study. R6261 Optimal Allocation Of Irrigation Water Supplies The project was aimed at improving the availability of water for sustainable food production in irrigation systems with complex distribution networks, in which there is water stress and competition for scarce water resources. The project was intended to address problems of irrigation water management, and in particular those of ensuring optimal and equitable distribution of irrigation water to farmers in times of drought. R6260 Improved Irrigation System Planning And Management (IISPM): Aids To Maintenance Of Irrigation Schemes Development of procedures and software to help system managers draw up programmes of maintenance work based on priority of need. R6259 Improved Irrigation System Planning And Management (IISPM) Guidelines For Irrigation Canal Control R6258 Salinity Control For Sustainable Small Scale Agriculture R6257 Structured Procedure For Sediment Control The development of an integrated procedure to select and design the most appropriate sediment control method for an irrigation system, taking account of the technical and economic issues. The procedure is supported by software. R6230 The Potential For Aquaculture Using Saline Groundwater The project identified the areas where saline groundwaters occur and could be exploited. The potential for saline aquaculture for different groundwater chemistries was determined. The economics of saline aquaculture and the social and institutional issues in its introduction were examined. R6184 Preparation Of Small-Scale Irrigation Projects: Stage 1 Confirmation of the need for and practicality of developing a checklist to assist preparation of irrigation projects in Sub-Saharan Africa where the scheme is too small to support full feasibility study. R6062 Women In Irrigation Analysis of a wide range of case studies focused on the role of women and the constraints they experience as they participate in irrigated agriculture. Determining issues that have the effect of limiting women's participation to poorly rewarded labour and excluding them from decision-making and those which allow women to be empowered through the participation in irrigation. R5846 Effect Of Land Management On Groundwater Recharge R5840 Sediment Management The deposition of sediments in irrigation canal systems causes reduction in water deliveries and an increased maintenance burden. Techniques for reducing sediment deposition, were improved by developing design and assessment methods. R5835 Soil Salinisation / Drainage To develop management tools for the safe use of marginal quality water in irrigation, and for the reclamation of salt affected soils R5832 Irrigation Management/Planning & Rehabilitation The project developed a structured field methodology for use in pre-feasibility field studies which guides diagnosis of system performance and the identification of hydraulic, agronomic and economic factors that limit performance. R5831 Irrigation Management/System Operation The project improved earlier water management software and field procedures based on field studies in Sri Lanka, Thailand and Bangladesh. Two new software modules to store management and asset condition data and calculate irrigation performance indicators and a tutorial package were also developed. R5830 Minor Irrigation Design Devise methods and procedures to improve small irrigation scheme developments, based on technical and socio-economic field studies of systems in Africa. R4815 IPTRID Network (Technology and Research in Irrigation and Drainage) The International Programme on Technology and Research in Irrigation and Drainage (IPTRID) was initially set up to enhance research in irrigation and drainage technology in Developing Countries through three priority themes and through networking. This project provided for the setting up of the IPTRID Network, and has subsequently been followed up by projects R6571 and R7201 which also included the provision of expert services. R4786 Reclamation Of Saline Clays